{"organization":"Kesu Environment Foundation","mission":"Mapping, documenting, and preserving indigenous and heritage trees across North India and Pakistan.","totalTreesMapped":12,"treeCatalog":[{"name":"Dukh Bhanjani Beri","botanicalName":"Ziziphus mauritiana","species":"Ber (Jujube)","location":"Sultanpur Lodhi, Kapurthala, Punjab","religiousSite":"Gurdwara Ber Sahib","estimatedAge":"400+ years","coordinates":{"latitude":31.5546,"longitude":75.3412},"spiritualLore":"This ancient Ber tree stands at Gurdwara Dukh Bhanjani Sahib in Sultanpur Lodhi. According to Sikh tradition, Bibi Rajni's leper husband was cured after bathing in the sarovar near this tree. The tree is believed to have witnessed Guru Nanak Dev Ji's early spiritual journey and meditation.","canonicalUrl":"https://kesufoundation.org/trees/dukh-bhanjani-beri"},{"name":"Peepal Sahib Tree","botanicalName":"Ficus religiosa","species":"Peepal (Sacred Fig)","location":"Amritsar, Punjab","religiousSite":"Peepal Sahib Shrine","estimatedAge":"300+ years","coordinates":{"latitude":31.634,"longitude":74.8723},"spiritualLore":"A majestic Peepal tree that has stood witness to centuries of devotion. Village elders recount how this tree provided shelter to travelers and saints passing through the region. Its heart-shaped leaves are considered sacred across traditions.","canonicalUrl":"https://kesufoundation.org/trees/peepal-sahib-amritsar"},{"name":"Amb Sahib Mango Tree","botanicalName":"Mangifera indica","species":"Amb (Mango)","location":"Mohali, Punjab","religiousSite":"Gurdwara Amb Sahib","estimatedAge":"250+ years","coordinates":{"latitude":30.7046,"longitude":76.7179},"spiritualLore":"The ancient Mango tree at Gurudwara Amb Sahib is said to have provided shade to Guru Gobind Singh Ji during his travels. Local folklore describes how the tree's fruits were distributed as langar to thousands of devotees.","canonicalUrl":"https://kesufoundation.org/trees/amb-sahib-mohali"},{"name":"Bargad Baba Tree","botanicalName":"Ficus benghalensis","species":"Bargad (Banyan)","location":"Kurukshetra, Haryana","religiousSite":"Jyotisar Sacred Site","estimatedAge":"500+ years","coordinates":{"latitude":29.9679,"longitude":76.8777},"spiritualLore":"This colossal Banyan tree is part of an ancient devrai (sacred grove) near Kurukshetra. According to tradition, it marks the spot where the Bhagavad Gita was first recited. The tree's aerial roots form a sprawling natural canopy.","canonicalUrl":"https://kesufoundation.org/trees/bargad-baba-kurukshetra"},{"name":"Nim Sahib Neem Tree","botanicalName":"Azadirachta indica","species":"Nim (Neem)","location":"Nim Ka Thana, Sikar / Jodhpur, Rajasthan","religiousSite":"Nim Sahib Shrine","estimatedAge":"200+ years","coordinates":{"latitude":26.2389,"longitude":73.0243},"spiritualLore":"This ancient Neem tree stands beside a historic shrine. Village healers have used its leaves for generations. The tree is considered a guardian of the village, providing medicinal shade in the desert climate.","canonicalUrl":"https://kesufoundation.org/trees/nim-sahib-jodhpur"},{"name":"Chinar of Dal Lake","botanicalName":"Platanus orientalis","species":"Chinar","location":"Srinagar, Kashmir","religiousSite":"Dal Lake Island Grove","estimatedAge":"600+ years","coordinates":{"latitude":34.0837,"longitude":74.7973},"spiritualLore":"This magnificent Chinar tree on Dal Lake was planted during the historical era. Its autumn foliage turns gold and crimson. Local communities view the tree as a symbol of regional identity and divine presence.","canonicalUrl":"https://kesufoundation.org/trees/chinar-dal-lake-srinagar"},{"name":"Tahli Sahib Shisham","botanicalName":"Dalbergia sissoo","species":"Tahli (Shisham)","location":"Baba Bakala / Ludhiana, Punjab","religiousSite":"Gurdwara Tahli Sahib","estimatedAge":"350+ years","coordinates":{"latitude":30.901,"longitude":75.8573},"spiritualLore":"The Tahli (Shisham) tree at this historic site is associated with Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji. Its deep root structure connects to underground water tables that have nourished the grove for centuries.","canonicalUrl":"https://kesufoundation.org/trees/tahli-sahib-ludhiana"},{"name":"Khejri of Jaisalmer","botanicalName":"Prosopis cineraria","species":"Khejri","location":"Jaisalmer, Rajasthan","religiousSite":"Bishnoi Sacred Reserve","estimatedAge":"400+ years","coordinates":{"latitude":26.9157,"longitude":70.9083},"spiritualLore":"The Khejri tree is sacred to the Bishnoi community of Rajasthan. This ancient specimen has survived centuries of harsh desert conditions. In 1730, 363 Bishnois sacrificed their lives protecting Khejri trees — inspiring global ecological movements.","canonicalUrl":"https://kesufoundation.org/trees/khejri-jaisalmer-bishnoi"},{"name":"Imli Sahib Tamarind","botanicalName":"Tamarindus indica","species":"Imli (Tamarind)","location":"Patiala / Goindwal, Punjab","religiousSite":"Gurdwara Imli Sahib","estimatedAge":"280+ years","coordinates":{"latitude":30.3398,"longitude":76.3869},"spiritualLore":"This Tamarind tree at Gurudwara Imli Sahib is associated with Guru Amar Das Ji. The sprawling canopy covers over 400 square meters and remains a central focal point for pilgrims.","canonicalUrl":"https://kesufoundation.org/trees/imli-sahib-patiala"},{"name":"Ber Sahib (Nankana Sahib)","botanicalName":"Ziziphus mauritiana","species":"Ber (Jujube)","location":"Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan","religiousSite":"Gurdwara Janam Asthan","estimatedAge":"100+ years (Descendant tree)","coordinates":{"latitude":31.45,"longitude":73.6833},"spiritualLore":"Nankana Sahib is the birthplace of Guru Nanak Dev Ji. A descendant Ber tree stands in the Gurdwara Janam Asthan complex, representing continuous living heritage across international borders.","canonicalUrl":"https://kesufoundation.org/trees/ber-sahib-nankana-sahib"},{"name":"Imli Sahib (Hasan Abdal)","botanicalName":"Tamarindus indica","species":"Imli (Tamarind)","location":"Hasan Abdal, Attock, Pakistan","religiousSite":"Gurdwara Panja Sahib","estimatedAge":"500+ years","coordinates":{"latitude":33.8167,"longitude":72.6833},"spiritualLore":"The Tamarind tree at Hasan Abdal is connected with Guru Nanak Dev Ji's travels. Panja Sahib is one of the most revered pilgrimage sites, and the tree has stood at the center of the spring for half a millennium.","canonicalUrl":"https://kesufoundation.org/trees/imli-sahib-hasan-abdal"},{"name":"Tahli Sahib (Jammu)","botanicalName":"Dalbergia sissoo","species":"Tahli (Shisham)","location":"Jammu outskirts, J&K","religiousSite":"Tahli Sahib Jammu Shrine","estimatedAge":"350+ years","coordinates":{"latitude":32.7266,"longitude":74.857},"spiritualLore":"This ancient Shisham tree in Jammu is associated with Guru Hargobind Ji's journey through the region. Kesu Foundation is actively documenting its health and surrounding micro-habitat.","canonicalUrl":"https://kesufoundation.org/trees/tahli-sahib-jammu"}],"speciesKnowledgeGraph":[{"name":"Ber","botanicalName":"Ziziphus mauritiana","culturalSignificance":"Sacred to Sikhs and Hindus. Associated with Guru Nanak Dev Ji and various Gurudwaras (Ber Sahib).","canonicalUrl":"https://kesufoundation.org/species/ber"},{"name":"Tahli","botanicalName":"Dalbergia sissoo","culturalSignificance":"Named in Sikh scriptures. Hard wood traditionally used for temple construction and village assemblies.","canonicalUrl":"https://kesufoundation.org/species/tahli"},{"name":"Amb","botanicalName":"Mangifera indica","culturalSignificance":"Sacred across Indian traditions. Many Gurudwaras (Amb Sahib) are named after heritage mango trees.","canonicalUrl":"https://kesufoundation.org/species/amb"},{"name":"Peepal","botanicalName":"Ficus religiosa","culturalSignificance":"Revered in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Sikhism. Releases oxygen around the clock and houses entire ecosystems.","canonicalUrl":"https://kesufoundation.org/species/peepal"},{"name":"Bargad","botanicalName":"Ficus benghalensis","culturalSignificance":"Symbol of immortality and eternal life. National tree of India. Sacred groves center around it.","canonicalUrl":"https://kesufoundation.org/species/bargad"},{"name":"Nim","botanicalName":"Azadirachta indica","culturalSignificance":"The village pharmacy — medicinal uses documented for 4000+ years. Sacred guardian of rural spaces.","canonicalUrl":"https://kesufoundation.org/species/nim"},{"name":"Chinar","botanicalName":"Platanus orientalis","culturalSignificance":"Iconic tree of Kashmir. Planted by Mughal emperors and ancient saints. Central to Kashmiri identity.","canonicalUrl":"https://kesufoundation.org/species/chinar"},{"name":"Khejri","botanicalName":"Prosopis cineraria","culturalSignificance":"Sacred to Bishnoi community. State tree of Rajasthan. 363 Bishnois died protecting these trees in 1730.","canonicalUrl":"https://kesufoundation.org/species/khejri"}]}